Building a Safer Digital World for Autistic Young People

By Emma Sanderson, Managing Director of Options Autism

Social media can be a powerful tool. It enables young people to form connections, explore their interests, and access a wealth of educational content. But for autistic children and others who are neurodivergent, the online world often poses unique challenges that can hinder, not help, their development.

At Options Autism, we know how important it is for all children to feel included, safe and empowered. But digital inclusion is not yet a reality for many autistic young people. While the internet promises a level playing field, it often falls short for those who process information and social cues differently.

The Risks of Misunderstood Content

A 2022 study by Page et al. found that autistic individuals frequently interpret online content literally. In fast-moving social media environments where sarcasm, irony and vague language are the norm, this can be risky. Misinterpretations may lead to anxiety, social misunderstandings, or even physical and financial harm.

Worryingly, a 2024 study by Cullen et al. revealed that many autistic users struggle to identify online privacy risks. They often rely on parents, carers or peers to help them manage their digital presence – limiting their independence and increasing their vulnerability.

Even the language used by platforms can cause confusion. For example, the term ‘friend’ on Facebook may be taken at face value by autistic users, who expect the same loyalty or closeness as they would from an in-person relationship. When these expectations aren’t met, it can lead to disappointment, confusion or distress.

Designing for Neurodiversity

To make social media more inclusive, platforms must consider the needs of neurodiverse users in their design. Simple changes could make a meaningful difference:

• Use of clearer, emotionally neutral terms such as ‘connection’ or ‘follower’ instead of ‘friend’
• Visual indicators to show whether posts are public or private
• Notification settings that prevent emotional overload for users who feel compelled to respond to everything

These adjustments would reduce anxiety and confusion – helping autistic individuals navigate the digital world with more confidence.

The Role of Education

Schools also have a vital role to play. Digital literacy is as essential as reading or writing in today’s world. Teaching autistic pupils the difference between online and offline relationships, helping them spot emotional triggers, and encouraging them to pause before posting are all valuable steps.

At Options Autism, we believe in tailored support for every learner. That includes helping young people build healthy, safe relationships with technology – so they can thrive both offline and online.

Inclusion Begins with Understanding

Social media has the potential to uplift every young person. But that potential can only be realised if platforms – and the systems that support them – are built with everyone in mind.

By designing with neurodiversity at the forefront and embedding inclusive digital education in schools, we can empower every child to connect, learn and thrive in the digital age.